Bismillahirrahmaanirrahiim..
Ini entri perahan otak. Semalam sempat study pasal NSAIDs. Hari ni bila bukak blog rasa macam nak luahkan apa yang dibaca semalam. Sila abaikan entri ini kalau anda tidak berminat. ngee.. saya tengah putus fius dengan CNS nih..
NSAIDS (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)
Secara umumnya, NSAIDs bertindak sebagai agen anti-inflammatory, antipyretic (reduce fever), and analgesic (reduce pain). Terdapat dua jenis NSAIDs iaitu non-selective dan selective. Selective NSAIDs only act by inhibit COX-2 (cycloxygenase 2) enzyme. Inhibiting this enzyme will reduce inflammation, pain and fever. Non-selective NSAIDs will act on COX-1, COX-2, and COX-3. Inhibition of COX-1 enzyme will give GI side effects such as bleeding, gastric ulcers and also can cause acute renal failure. If the person has gastric ulcer or on anti-coagulant treatment, non-selectine NSAIDs are contraindicated to him because it will worsen the situation.
Aspirin
also known as ASA (acetylsalicylic acid) is one the non-selective NSAIDS available.
| usual dose | effect |
| 80 - 160 mg | antiplatelet |
| 325 mg - 1g | analgesic, antipyretic |
| 325 mg - 6g | a/inflammatory, tinnitus |
| 6 -10 g | respiratory alkalosis |
| 10 -20 g | fever, dehydration |
| > 20g | shock, coma |
Adverse effects of ASA:
on GIT:
-N / V
-heartburn
-gastric ulcer
-bleeding
-dyspepsia
Hematology:
-anemia
-reduce [iron]
Pregnancy:
-postpartum hemorrhage
-prolong gestation
-reduce uterine contraction
-perinatal mortality
Management of aspirin overdose:
Increase excretion, by:
-hemodialysis
-forced diuresis
-alkalinized urine (bicarb)
decrease absorption, by:
-activated charcoal
-emetics
-gastric lavage
Supportive measures:
-decrease temperature
-glucose
-electrolyte
-fluids
** ada orang yang allergi kepada aspirin. Dia akan develop hypersensitivity reaction bila ambik aspirin. so, pilih other NSAIDs. **
Other non-selective NSAIDs:
-PCM (paracetamol) or acetaminophen
-ibuprofen
-naproxen
-mefenamic acid
-diclofenac
-sulindac
-indomethacin
(apa lagi eh? aaa...)
Selective NSAIDs (COX-2 inhibitors):
-celecoxib
-rofecoxib
-other -coxib members. (valdecoxib, etoricoxib)
*but, inhibiting COX-2 will increase CV incidence. so, this type of NSAIDs cannot be given to the cardiac patient. oh, choose the best choice!*
dah. Mari paksa hippocampus bekerja lagi malam ni. Sejak akhir-akhir ini, saya suka minum kopi. Tapi sebenarnya saya tak boleh nak tahan sangat minum kopi, sebab saya akan sakit kepala.
p/s : [kepada semua yang membaca, jangan percaya bulat-bulat dengan fakta di dalam entri ini kerana mungkin ada kesilapan. apa-apa pun, sila rujuk kepada yang lebih pakar ya!]
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